Abstract
Objective This study aims at understanding the impact of ofatumumab treatment on the development of cellular and humoral immune responses to initial and booster SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines.
Methods KYRIOS is an open-label, prospective, two-cohort study at eight sites in Germany including 40 MS patients who receive SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination either before starting ofatumumab treatment (cohort 1) or during stable ofatumumab treatment for at least 4 weeks (cohort 2). The impact of ofatumumab treatment on the proportion of patients having established SARS-CoV-2 reactive T-cells (primary endpoint) and developing SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies (secondary endpoint) after initial and booster vaccination will be assessed. Additionally, cellular and humoral immune responses will be monitored for up to 18 months and cellular response will be further described by immunophenotyping.
Results Results of this second interim analysis show the efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines to induce cellular and humoral immune responses in MS patients depending on the timing of ofatumumab treatment initiation. First data indicate that in patients vaccinated during stable ofatumumab treatment, specific immune response is detectable as soon as 1 week after the initial vaccination cycle and further increases afterwards.
Conclusions KYRIOS data show for the first time that patients vaccinated during stable ofatumumab treatment can mount immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines. The presented data further emphasize the importance of considering both, humoral and cellular immune response, for interpretation of vaccine efficacy.
