Abstract
Introduction Contrast-induced encephalopathy (CIE) is a rare complication that may occur following contrast administration during endovascular interventions. This study aims to describe the clinical presentation, treatment and outcome of CIE in a tertiary metropolitan hospital in South Australia.
Methods This study describes a case series of 3 patients diagnosed with CIE following cerebral angiography using Iopromide within a 1-year period in a tertiary hospital.
Results Patient with CIE may present acutely with delayed onset, worsening focal neurological deficits and this may lead to confusion when establishing a clinical diagnosis. Characteristic imaging abnormalities, including abnormal cortical enhancement and striatal contrast enhancement, may aid with establishing this diagnosis. Dual energy CT may also be useful in differentiating extravasated contrast from blood. Treatment is generally supportive with intravenous fluids, Dexamethasone or anti-epileptics as indicated. Although CIE generally has a favourable prognosis, it may be associated with adverse patient outcomes.
Conclusions CIE should be suspected in patients presenting with acute neurological deterioration following cerebral angiography. Multicentre prospective cohort studies are required to establish diagnostic criteria and treatment efficacy.
