Categories of subjective cognition | Prodromal features | Confirmed PD | ||||
No features | Hyposmia only | Hyposmia+constipation | Hyposmia+pRBD | Hyposmia, constipation and pRBD | ||
ORs (95% CI) | ||||||
Good (score 0, reference) | ||||||
No of men | 58 | 80 | 42 | 40 | 30 | 10 |
Moderate (score 1–3) vs good | ||||||
No of men | 60 | 119 | 95 | 81 | 63 | 19 |
Age adjusted | ref | 1.38 (0.87 to 2.20) | 2.08 (1.24 to 3.50) | 2.03 (1.20 to 3.45) | 2.00 (1.13 to 3.54) | 2.04 (0.87 to 4.81) |
Multivariate adjusted 1 | ref | 1.44 (0.90 to 2.30) | 2.20 (1.30 to 3.71) | 2.05 (1.20 to 3.52) | 2.02 (1.13 to 3.62) | 2.05 (0.86 to 4.88) |
Multivariate adjusted 2 | ref | 1.47 (0.92 to 2.37) | 2.21 (1.30 to 3.76) | 2.04 (1.19 to 3.50) | 1.96 (1.09 to 3.52) | 2.05 (0.86 to 4.91) |
Poor (score 4–7) vs good | ||||||
No of men | 6 | 17 | 13 | 25 | 27 | 16 |
Age adjusted | ref | 1.96 (0.73 to 5.29) | 2.82 (0.99 to 8.06) | 6.30 (2.36 to 16.84) | 8.55 (3.17 to 23.07) | 17.49 (5.45 to 56.05) |
Multivariate adjusted 1 | ref | 1.99 (0.73 to 5.42) | 2.93 (1.02 to 8.45) | 6.29 (2.33 to 16.94) | 8.71 (3.18 to 23.83) | 17.42 (5.36 to 56.56) |
Multivariate adjusted 2 | ref | 1.97 (0.72 to 5.41) | 3.05 (1.05 to 8.82) | 6.38 (2.36 to 17.28) | 8.11 (2.95 to 22.30) | 15.54 (4.70 to 51.43) |
Multivariate adjusted 1 included age (years, continuous), physical activity (MET-hour/week, quartiles), body mass index (normal weight, overweight and obese), smoking status (never, ever, unknown), alcohol consumption (g/day, continuous) and coffee consumption (servings/day, continuous). Multivariate adjusted 2 included all variables from the previous model plus depressive symptoms (yes, no); 16 observations were excluded from the analysis due to missing data on depressive symptoms.
MET, metabolic equivalent; pRBD, probable REM sleep behaviour disorder.