Baseline characteristics of 8 AT(N) profile groups
| AT(N)tau | A-T-(N)− | A-T-(N)+ | A-T+(N)− | A-T+(N)+ | A+T-(N)− | A+T-(N)+ | A+T+(N)− | A+T+(N)+ | P value |
| No (%) | 52 (29.4) | 3 (1.7) | 4 (2.3) | 3 (1.7) | 37 (20.9) | 4 (2.3) | 10 (5.6) | 64 (36.2) | |
| Age, years (IQR) | 67 (9) | 77 (4) | 74 (5) | 75 (3) | 71 (10) | 74 (8) | 73 (9) | 74 (9) | 0.109 |
| Female, n (%) | 23 (44.2) | 2 (66.7) | 1 (25.0) | 2 (66.7) | 18 (48.6) | 1 (25.0) | 4 (40.0) | 36 (56.3) | 0.692 |
| Education, years (IQR) | 14 (4) | 16 (2) | 16 (0) | 16 (2) | 12 (4) | 10 (4) | 13 (3) | 13 (4) | 0.091 |
| APOE ε4 allele (%) | <0.001 | ||||||||
| 0 | 49 (94.2) | 2 (66.7) | 3 (75.0) | 2 (66.7) | 16 (43.2) | 1 (25.0) | 3 (30.0) | 19 (29.7) | |
| 1 | 3 (5.8) | 1 (33.3) | 1 (25.0) | 1 (33.3) | 18 (48.6) | 2 (50.0) | 6 (60.0) | 31 (48.4) | |
| 2 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 3 (8.1) | 1 (25.0) | 1 (10.0) | 14 (21.9) | |
| Clinical status, n (%) | <0.001 | ||||||||
| CU | 31 (59.6) | 1 (33.3) | 2 (50.0) | 1 (33.3) | 7 (18.9) | 0 (0) | 1 (10.0) | 3 (4.7) | |
| MCI | 21 (40.4) | 2 (66.7) | 1 (25.0) | 2 (66.7) | 14 (37.8) | 2 (50.0) | 5 (50.0) | 35 (54.7) | |
| ADD | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (25.0) | 0 (0) | 16 (43.2) | 2 (50.0) | 4 (40.0) | 26 (40.6) | |
| MMSE (IQR) | 29 (2) | 27 (2) | 28 (3) | 25 (3) | 25 (6) | 24 (2) | 25 (2) | 25 (5) | <0.001 |
| ADAS-Cog (IQR) | 9.4 (9.1) | 20.7 (10.3) | 9.7 (7.4) | 23.0 (10.7) | 21.3 (12.7) | 25.8 (1.4) | 22.2 (10.8) | 23.3 (9.6) | <0.001 |
| CDR-SB (IQR) | 0 (0.5) | 2.5 (1.5) | 0.5 (0.5) | 0.5 (1.5) | 1.5 (2.5) | 2.8 (2.0) | 2.0 (2.0) | 2.0 (2.5) | <0.001 |
| FAQ (IQR) | 0 (0) | 9 (8) | 0 (3) | 0 (8) | 5 (6) | 6 (2) | 4 (6) | 5 (10) | <0.001 |
| Aβ PET, n (%) | <0.001 | ||||||||
| Negative | 34 (100) | 1 (50.0) | 1 (100) | 1 (33.3) | 2 (14.3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 3 (10.0) | |
| Positive | 0 (0) | 1 (50.0) | 0 (0) | 2 (66.7) | 12 (85.7) | 1 (100) | 3 (100) | 27 (90.0) | |
| BL Aβ42, pg/mL (IQR) | 485.2 (101.7) | 373.7 (99.1) | 541.2 (144.8) | 431.5 (148.8) | 240.7 (99.9) | 198.8 (88.8) | 254.8 (73.4) | 234.0 (65.0) | <0.001 |
| BL p-tau, pg/mL (IQR) | 19.2 (4.5) | 25.7 (2.2) | 37.8 (7.1) | 35.3 (10.4) | 22.1 (6.2) | 28.1 (1.9) | 38.2 (6.8) | 47.3 (23.4) | <0.001 |
| BL t-tau, pg/mL (IQR) | 58.4 (29.6) | 132.0 (37.4) | 76.1 (14.3) | 140.7 (14.3) | 71.7 (37.9) | 118.2 (42.0) | 89.2 (30.1) | 151.7 (57.2) | <0.001 |
| BL NfL, pg/mL (IQR) | 2421.6 (1344.7) | 5055.5 (3295.7) | 2663.6 (1101.9) | 2479.2 (2428.3) | 2959.0 (1508.0) | 7850.2 (13779.4) | 2874.5 (818.1) | 3515.2 (1130.2) | <0.001 |
| AT(N)NfL | A-T-(N)- | A-T-(N)+ | A-T+(N)- | A-T+(N)+ | A+T-(N)+ | A+T-(N)+ | A+T+(N)- | A+T+(N)+ | P value |
| No (%) | 39 (20.1) | 16 (8.2) | 5 (2.6) | 2 (1.0) | 20 (10.3) | 21 (10.8) | 32 (16.5) | 42 (21.6) | |
| Age, years (IQR) | 66 (8) | 76 (12) | 74 (4) | 76 (1) | 69 (7) | 75 (8) | 72 (10) | 74 (8) | 0.001 |
| Female, n (%) | 18 (46.2) | 7 (43.8) | 3 (60.0) | 0 (0) | 12 (60.0) | 7 (33.3) | 18 (56.3) | 22 (52.4) | 0.498 |
| Education, years (IQR) | 14 (4) | 13 (4) | 16 (0) | 20 (4) | 12 (2) | 12 (5) | 12 (4) | 14 (4) | 0.090 |
| APOE ε4 allele (%) | <0.001 | ||||||||
| 0 | 37 (94.9) | 14 (87.5) | 4 (80.0) | 1 (50.0) | 11 (55.0) | 6 (28.6) | 8 (25.0) | 14 (33.3) | |
| 1 | 2 (5.1) | 2 (12.5) | 1 (20.0) | 1 (50.0) | 9 (45.0) | 11 (52.4) | 17 (53.1) | 20 (47.6) | |
| 2 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 4 (19.0) | 7 (21.9) | 8 (19.0) | |
| Clinical status, n (%) | <0.001 | ||||||||
| CU | 27 (69.2) | 5 (31.3) | 3 (60.0) | 0 (0) | 7 (35.0) | 0 (0) | 4 (12.5) | 0 (0) | |
| MCI | 12 (30.8) | 11 (68.8) | 2 (40.0) | 1 (50.0) | 8 (40.0) | 8 (38.1) | 18 (56.3) | 22 (52.4) | |
| ADD | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (50.0) | 5 (25.0) | 13 (61.9) | 10 (31.3) | 20 (47.6) | |
| MMSE (IQR) | 29 (2) | 28 (3) | 30 (3) | 24 (0) | 25 (5) | 24 (5) | 25 (4) | 24 (5) | <0.001 |
| ADAS-Cog (IQR) | 8.3 (7.5) | 13.7 (12.4) | 9.7 (15.6) | 21.9 (5.2) | 16.0 (16.0) | 24.7 (5.4) | 23.2 (9.6) | 23.7 (8.9) | <0.001 |
| CDR-SB (IQR) | 0 (0.5) | 1.0 (1.0) | 0.5 (1.0) | 2.0 (1.5) | 1.5 (2.5) | 2.5 (3.0) | 2.3 (2.5) | 2.0 (2.0) | <0.001 |
| FAQ (IQR) | 0 (0) | 2 (2) | 0 (3) | 4 (4) | 5 (7) | 6 (5) | 5 (7) | 5 (10) | <0.001 |
| Aβ PET, n (%) | <0.001 | ||||||||
| Negative | 25 (100) | 10 (90.9) | 2 (66.7) | 0 (0) | 2 (22.2) | 0 (0) | 1 (7.7) | 2 (10.0) | |
| Positive | 0 (0) | 1 (9.1) | 1 (33.3) | 1 (100) | 7 (77.8) | 6 (100) | 12 (92.3) | 18 (90.0) | |
| BL Aβ42, pg/mL (IQR) | 479.7 (84.3) | 501.3 (139.4) | 568.2 (230.8) | 486.3 (54.9) | 214.7 (137.8) | 240.7 (66.2) | 241.9 (34.2) | 237.5 (80.7) | <0.001 |
| BL p-tau, pg/mL (IQR) | 19.2 (4.1) | 21.0 (7.2) | 35.3 (4.0) | 41.0 (9.8) | 22.4 (7.0) | 23.0 (7.0) | 40.5 (13.7) | 44.4 (21.4) | <0.001 |
| BL t-tau, pg/mL (IQR) | 54.6 (24.4) | 88.0 (30.6) | 82.8 (43.4) | 114.3 (33.7) | 59.1 (23.6) | 92.4 (15.7) | 128.3 (43.5) | 155.3 (68.3) | <0.001 |
| BL NfL, pg/mL (IQR) | 2106.9 (1118.0) | 4147.5 (1243.0) | 2464.2 (167.0) | 5922.1 (1398.6) | 2414.6 (570.9) | 3901.7 (3674.1) | 2640.4 (522.3) | 3785.2 (943.6) | <0.001 |
Numbers are median (IQR) for continuous variables and raw number (percentage) for categorical variables.
Differences in baseline characteristics of participants across 8 AT(N) profiles were first assessed using Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test for continuous variables, or a χ2 test for categorical variables.
ADAS-Cog, Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale; ADD, Alzheimer’s disease dementia; Aβ, β-amyloid; BL, baseline; CDR-SB, sum of boxes of the Clinical Dementia Rating; CU, cognitively unimpaired subjects; FAQ, Functional Assessment Questionnaire; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; NfL, neurofilament light chain; p-tau181, tau phosphorylated at threonine 181; t-tau, total tau.