Six cases of PRES including brainstem lesions associated with TMA, in addition to our case
| Cases | Principal conditions | Age, sex | BP at admission (mm Hg) | Lesions in MRI | Details |
| Sakai, 2016 | Haemodialysis patient with ANCA(Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies)-associated vasculitis | 50 years, F | 185/106 | Right midbrain, periventricular area bilateral deep cerebral white matter left lens nucleus | Three months after introduction of dialysis, developed vision loss and nausea |
| Omoto, 2017 | Multiple sclerosis Long-term interferon-β1b treatment | 42 years, F | 226/138 | Bilateral basal ganglia, brainstem, cerebellum | Onset after long-term interferon-β1b treatment, improvement with drug discontinuation |
| Yamamoto, 2021 | Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis | 56 years, F | SBP 140 | Bilateral basal ganglia, thalamus and brainstem | After onset of unconsciousness, died of heart failure on the following day |
| Deguchi, 2017 | Malignant hypertension | 42 years, F | 240/120 | Brainstem and cerebellum | Rapid improvement with antihypertensive treatment |
| Hara, 2007 | HELLP | 35 years, F | 220/119 | Pons, bilateral caudate nuclei, right lateral capsule, left thalamus | Treated with haemodialysis and plasma exchange |
| Takahata, 2017 | HELLP-sustained acute kidney dysfunction | 33 years, F | 200/137 | Bilateral occipital parietal lobes, basal ganglia, cerebellum, brainstem | Treated with haemodialysis and plasma exchange |
| This case | Malignant hypertension | 40s, F | 230/150 | Bilateral subcortical matter, midbrain, pons, superior medulla | Rapid improvement with antihypertensive treatment |
BP, blood pressure; HELLP, haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelets; PRES, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome; SBP, systolic BP; TMA, thrombotic microangiopathy.