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Parkinson disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, presenting with bradykinesia, rigidity, tremor, and postural instability.
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Incidence rates of PD are 8 to 18 per 100,000 person-years based on prospective population-based studies with either record-based or in-person case finding.
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Nonmotor symptoms include autonomic dysfunction, sleep disorders, mood disorders, cognitive abnormalities, and pain and sensory disorders. Hallucinations and dementia predict later nursing home
Epidemiology of Parkinson Disease
Section snippets
Key points
Factors that may increase risk of Parkinson disease
The cause or causes of PD have not been firmly established and, like most chronic diseases, are expected to be a combination of modifiable (eg, environmental exposures that increase or mitigate risk) and nonmodifiable factors (eg, genetic factors). Understanding the modifiable causes is vital to a public health policy of PD management. However, conflicting data exist for most of these factors making it difficult to formulate a public health response without further study.
Conclusion
Although much is understood about PD, much is yet a mystery. As more research uncovers the basic biology of how PD develops, this will translate into public health opportunities to prevent or improve this difficult and multi-faceted disease.
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The authors have nothing to declare.